Topic: General Level: All
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Junit 5 provides Nested annotation on test classes that are nested within a parent test, facilitating a place for prescribing for generic setup and tear-down methods. Modularizing the test hierarchically within the same test class.
GraalVM Native Image spawns platform-native executables that are the libraries reachable during the analysis stage of the build process, containing the classes that are directly compiled into executables, and statically initialized or inline by the compiler directly.
As the GraalVM generates executables, the libraries and their artifact version usage are abstracted making it difficult to analyze the scope and vulnerabilities associated if any.
This can be sidestepped by building the native executables with SBOM metadata embedded and holding the artifact information which could be parsed by tools like syft, gripe, or even by the GraalVM Native Image Inspection tool, which is in CycloneDX format, on Linux, Mac OS, and Windows and even in the containers.
Add native maven plugin in pom XML at the build phase with build args enabling the bom format and metadata information
The default base repositories offered by Spring Data are the CrudRepository and the JpaRepository. Usually, we create entity-specific repositories by implementing these standard base repositories and defining the entity methods for which the Spring Data provides an implementation.
Alternatively, we can define our custom base repository by using the interface Repository and annotating the class with NoRepositoryBean and providing entity methods from the JpaRepository and CrudRepository with which we can enforce the developers not to use any of the base entity methods like flush and saveAndFlush and encapsulate any entity-specific method calls.
We can also fragment the business JPA methods and entity JPA methods in separate interfaces and extend them to our base repository.
After defining a custom base repository it can be employed similarly to the Spring Data base repository and any method definitions will be implemented automatically by the Spring JPA-derived query feature.
Project Panama offers interoperability between the Java programming language and native libraries via foreign functions and memory APIs. Accesses memory resources in the off-heap memory or native memory and find execute native functions using method handles.
MemorySegment - allocateNative method - a continuous region of 64-bit memory that is spatially fixed length, temporal scoped, and thread confinement.
MemorySegment - FileChannel mapped memory, allocating memory only on use/writes and predefining space block during creation.
Arena - a slice of MemorySegment, openConfined and allocate offering isolated access and closing when the scope ends.
openShared allocateNative threads can share memory.
The above enables accessing and allocating memory in confined and shared models safely.
MemoryLayout - structLayout specifying the memory allocating layout in Arena of memorySegment.
Invoking native C function - MethodHandle specifying the method to lookup with name and arguments, defining the Arena with allocate MemorySegment (similar to C struct)
Interoperability between primitive types and object types deviates from passing-by-value, autoboxing and unboxing, generics and streams often taking performance hits on conversions.
Due to the underlying distinction on Objects having an identity whereas the Primitives like boolean, char, byte, short, int, long, float, and double are directly allocated on the memory as any data resolves to these primitives, and Objects hold reference graphs to its member variables and to cut down on the hops of references we have to have the Obejcts and its associates without pointers this introduces a couple of problem statements similar to the deviations specified above, i.e., primitives are pass-by-value and objects are pass-by-reference.
Enter value classes (defaulting to null) without identity submitting to immutability and non-polymorphic behaviour and primitive classes (defaulting to primitive type and cannot be null) wrapping around primitive variables addressing the above shortcomings.
IdentityObject and ValueObject allow us to determine runtime values on the kind classes that are worked upon. With the introduction of the .ref member enforces a standard way to get the reference type regardless
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